LTC 283-2017 The City's community-wide and government Greenhouse Gas emissions inventories for 2015N\1 ACH
City of .Miami -Beach, .1700 Convention CenterDriv€, Miami -Beach, florida 33 139, www.miam ibeac hfl.gov
Jimmy L. Morales, City Manager
Tel: 305-673-7010 , Fa x: 305-673-7782
NO. LTC# 283-2017
TO: Mayor Philip Levine and Members
DATE: May 25, 2017
LETTER TO COMMISSION
SUBJECT: The City's community-wide and government Greenhouse Gas emissions
inventories for 2015
I am pleased to provide this Letter to Commission on the City 's second community-wide and
government Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions inventories for 2015.
On October 14, 2015, the City Commission adopted a resolution endorsing the Compact of
Mayors pledge , where the City committed to reduce local GHG emissions ; measure the
community emissions inventory using a consistent and robust standard; identify climate -related
hazards; set data-based targets for the future; and develop a climate action plan.
In addition, on April 26, 2017, the Mayor and City Commission supported the Sierra Club's
#readyfor1 00 campaign, which challenges 100 cities across the United States to set a target of
100% clean energy, urging the 2017 U.S. Conference of Mayors' participants to commit to
100% renewable energy.
The Environment & Sustainability (E&S) Department completed the City's first community-wide
and government GHG inventories using 2014 as the baseline year . The second community-
wide and government GHG inventories have been compiled for 2015 .
For the 2015 community-wide inventory, the commercial sector was responsible for the majority
of the emissions, accounting for 50% of all emissions community-wide. Additionally, the largest
source of emissions out of the total community-wide inventory came from electricity,
producing 69% of all emissions community-wide. The largest source of emissions, electricity
use, remained the same compared to 2014. Government operations were responsible for 2.8%
of the community-wide inventory.
For the 2015 government operations inventory, city-owned buildings and facilities produced
65 .8% of the emissions . The City's vehicle fleet emitted 21.7% of the GHG from the government
inventory. Similar to the community wide inventory, electricity was the largest source of
emissions, accounting for 77% of emissions for the government operations inventory.
There was a 3.3% increase in GHG emissions community wide and a 3.72% increase in
GHG emissions from government operations between 2014 and 2015. The greatest
increase in emissions came from electricity use in buildings.
As part of the City of Miami Beach Rising Above Resiliency Strategy, the E&S Department is
collaborating with operational departments to develop appropriate targets to reduce the City's
emissions for the upcoming years by creating a Climate Action Plan. The Rising Above
Resiliency Strategy should be complete by early 2018.
The E&S Department is working with several departments to compile the City's government
buildings' energy consumption data into the Energy Star Portfolio Manager platform. The
Energy Star Portfolio Manager is an online platform that measures and tracks energy and water
consumption, as well as greenhouse gas emissions, and is used to benchmark the performance
of one building or a whole portfolio of buildings. The Property Management Division and E&S
Department are also exploring utility bill management software to track and audit any energy (or
non-energy) commodity and any type of bill detail. EnergyCAP is a software that Miami-Dade
County is currently using that also correlates cost and consumption information, providing
granular and summary-level data for analytics that yield actionable insights. This software could
assist the City reduce energy consumption and emissions, and save money.
By establishing targets for the upcoming years, the City will be able to reduce GHG emissions to
combat climate change, track progress, and enhance resilience to climate change. These efforts
will assist the City in bouncing back from shocks and stressors in the face of climate change.
Attachment: 2015 Community-wide and Government GHG emissions inventories
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Executive Summary
This report provides an overview and analysis of the results of the City's annual Community Wide
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory and the City's annual Government Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Inventory. The 2014 Community Wide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory and 2014 Government
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory were used as baseline inventories . The 2014 community wide
inventory was submitted in December 2016 to the Compact of Mayors, the second step within a four step
process for a city to become compliant. The Compact, which recently became the Global Covenant of
Mayors for Climate & Energy, is an alliance of mayors and city officials that have comm itted to reduce
local greenhouse gas emissions. The Global Covenant provides a consistent and robust platform for cities
to report their greenhouse gas emissions and requires cities to complete four steps to become compliant.
The findings i ndicate that the commercial sector produced the most emissions community wide. Emissions
from the energy use by the commercial sector accounted for 50% of all emissions. Additionally, it was
found that the largest source of emissions came from electricity; which produced 69% of all emissions
community wide .
City government operations accounted for 2.8% of the total emissions community wide . In order to better
understand the sources of these emissions, an inventory was specifically compiled for city government
operations . City-owned buildings and facilities produced 65.8% of the emissions from government
operations. The City's vehicle fleet emitted 21 .7% of the greenhouse gases from government operations .
Electricity was the biggest source of emissions from government operations, accounting for 77% of
em1ss1ons.
The report finds that emissions from electr icity use account for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions
community wide and in government operations. There is an increase in emissions between 2014 and
2015 by 3.3% community wide and by 3.7% for government operations . The City is committed to
reducing its greenhouse gas emissions. It plans to set a reduction target in line with that of Miami Dade
County and the state of Florida .
Two greenhouse gas emissions inventories will be compiled annually; a community wide inventory and a
government inventory. There will be a lag time between the end of the year and the completion of a
greenhouse gas emissions inventory because organizations release their dat a at different times during the
year and there is varying waiting time between the request for data and the receipt of data. The
Environment and Sustainability Department has created a Guidance document for developing a
greenhouse gas emissions inventory. This document includes the contact information for all entities that
compile and possess the necessary data for future inventories.
2
Table of Contents
COP21: Paris C limate Conference 4-5
U.S. Greenhouse Gas Reduction T orgets 6
The Global Covenant of Mayors 7
ICLEI -Local Governments for Sustainability 8
Importance of GHG Inventory i
I 9
I
Process for Completing the Inventory I 10
Introduction to Community Wide GHG Inventory I 11
I
Factor Sets for the Community GHG Inventory 12
2015 Community Inventory: Scopes and Sectors 13-14
Protocol 15
Community Inventory: Sectors 16
Data Sources for the Community GHG Inventory 17
Data Gathered for the Community GHG Inventory 18-19
Results from the Community GHG Inventory 20-23
Equivalencies for Community GHG Inventory 24
Trend: 2014 to 2015 25-26
Introduction to Government GHG Emissions Inventory 27
Factor Sets for the Government GHG Inventory I 28
I
Data Sources for the Government GHG Inventory I 29
Data Gathered for the Government GHG Inventory I 30 I
Results from the Government GHG Inventory 31-34
Equivalencies for Government GHG Inventory 35
Trend : 2014-2015 36-37
Discussion 38-41
Conclusion 42
3
COP21 : Paris Climate Conference
• In the fall of 2015, the 21st annuai"Conference of the
Parties" (COP21) met in Paris where 195 nations
committed to lowering their Greenhouse Gas (GHG)
emissions with the aim of minimizing the negative effects
of climate change.
An international climate pact, the Paris Agreement, was
adopted. The main goal of this agreement is to limit
temperature rise to below 2oC between now and 21 00.
Countries have agreed to meet every five years to assess
implementa t ion and submit updated national climate
plans.
4
COP21 : Paris Climate Conference
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2 GHG emissions
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5
U.S. Greenhouse Gas Reduction Targets
U.S. EMISSIONS UNDER 2020 AND 2025 TARGETS
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In 2015, the United States committed as an entire country to reduce
its total GHG emission levels by 26-28% by 2025 compared to the
baseline year of 2005, and to make "best efforts" to reduce
emissions by 28%.
In addition, since 2008 the United States has reduced GHG
emissions from Federal Government operations by 1 7%. Under
Executive Order 13693 issued on March 25th 2015, the US Federal
Government has set a new target to reduce their government
operations GHG emissions by 40% by 2025 compared to the
baseline 2005 levels. J 6
The Global Covenant of Mayors
The Compact of Mayors and the European Covenant of Mayors joined together in 2016
to become the Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy, the largest global
coalition dedicated to climate leadership.
The Covenant is an agreement by city networks to take a transparent approach to reduce
emissions, reduce vulnerability, and enhance resilience to climate change and
compliments the national approach.
Mayor Philip Levine signed on to the Compact in September 2015.
Four steps must be completed within three years for a city to become compliant:
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The first step, is to
sign the pledge and
make a commitment
to reduce greenhouse
gas em1ss1ons.
Completed Oct 2015
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The second step is
to compile a
community-wide
greenhouse gases
inventory.
Completed July 2016
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The third step is to The fourth step is
create targets for to establish an
emissions reduction action plan to
and establish a meet the targets.
system of
measurement.
To be completed by To be completed by
June 2017 September 2017
7
ICLEI -Local Governments for Sustainabili1y
ICLEI is a global sustainability network with the
participation of more than 1,500 loca l and regional
governments worldw i de.
• This non-profit membership network provides access
to software and tools, trainings, events, case studies
and peer networks to its members.
• ClearPath, an online software platform created by
ICLEI, was used to complete the GHG inventories.
Through ICLEI, the City was able to have its
inventories verified by a third party organization that
is nationally recognized by local governments.
8
Importance of GHG Inventory
v\1 \ ,IBEACH
RIS I NG
ABOVE
The 2014 Community Wide GHG
Inventory and Government Operations
GHG Inventory are the City's baseline
GHG emissions inventories. Annual
inventories can be compared to the
baseline and help create actionable
goals. The baseline and consequent
inventories will guide us as we establish
emissions reduction targets.
This is an important component of our
Miami Beach Rising Above Resiliency
Strategy-we are committed to
integrating resiliency wi t h sustainability.
Actions will be identified and assembled
into an Action Plan in order to help us
reach our goals and targets.
9
GHG Inventory: The Process
oo ooooo 0 0
0 Data 0
0 00° 0 0 0 Factor Sets
GHG
Emissions
The ICLEI ClearPath software was used to compile the GHG
emissions inventory.
Data was collected from various city departments and outside
organizations.
Factor sets were then created for Transportation, Waste
Characterization and Grid Electricity.
The data was input into ClearPath, where the factor sets converted the
input data into the output of GHG emissions through various
calculations.
10
Community Wide GHG Inventory
The community wide GHG inventory is the second
step to compliance with the Compact. The
community wide inventory is also an important
account of the activities and sources of emissions
in the community.
11
2015 Communi1y InventOry: Fodor Sets
The factor sets for Transportation, Waste Characterization and Grid
Electricity were created using the f ollowing data.
• Average passenger vehicle fuel economy (MPG)
• Average light truck fuel economy (MPG)
• Average heavy truck fuel economy (MPG)
• Emissions per mile for gas vehicles
• Emissions per mile for diesel vehicles
•% newspaper
•% office paper
•% cardboard
•% magazines
•% food sera ps
•% grass
•% leaves
•% branches
• C02 lbs released/MWh of electricity produced
• CH 4 lbs released/GWh of electricity produced
• N 2 0 lbs released/GWh of electricity produced
12
2015 Community Inventory: Scopes
The Global Protocol for Community-Scale
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC)
separates all emissions into three scopes:
Scope 1: GHG emissions from sources, such as natural gas
combustion, occurring within the city boundary
Scope 2: GHG emissions from grid-supplied electricity
usage within the city but not created with the city boundary
Scope 3: all other GHG emissions that occur outside the
city boundary due to a third-party service being provided to
the city such as waste water treatment
13
2015 Communify Inventory: Sectors
• The GPC categorizes GHG emissions into six key sectors:
Stationary energy: emissions from electricity and natural gas used by
residential buildings, commercial buildings and institutional buildings and
foci I ities.
Transportation: emissions from on-road transportation and off-road
transportation.
Waste: emissions produced from solid waste disposal and the treatment of
wastewater.
• Industrial processes and product use (IPPU): emissions from electricity, natural
gas and other fuels used by the industrial sector.
Agriculture, forestry, and other land use (AFOLU): emissions from livestock
and land use.
Any other emissions occurring outside the geographic boundary as a result of
city activities: these emissions are not covered in the GPC reporting.
14
2015 Communify Inventory: Protocol
S•ctor
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All cities reporting to the Global Covenan t of Mayors must follow the GPC. This
creates a uniform system of accounti n g .
There are two options fo r GPC reporti ng: BASIC and BASIC+. The BASIC
reporti ng option is t he minimum requ i rement for the Compa ct and the sources
required for BASIC+ do not occur in the City (industrial processes, ag r iculture,
livestock, out-of-boundary transportation ).
The results of both i nventories a re reported through COP, an i nternatio n al
organization throu g h which com p anies, cities, states and regions disclose their
environmental risks , opportuniti es and impacts.
15
2015 Community lnventpry: Sectors
The GHG emissions produced in the City of Miami
Beach can be classified into these three sectors:
Stationary energy
• Transportation
• Waste
·The data needed, in addition to the factor sets, to
quantify the emissions from these sectors include:
Stationary energy: kWh usage, Therms usage
• Transportation: Vehicle Miles Travelled (VMT) inside city limits
Waste: Pounds of solid waste generated inside city limits
Wastewater: Nitrogen load at treatment plant
16
2015 Community Inventory: Data Sources
1
Florida Power & Light
TECO Energy
Florida Department of Transportation
City of Miam i Bea Fh Sanitation Div i sion
Miami Dade County Water and Sewer
Department
ICLEI-USA ClearPath software
17
2015 Communi1y Inventory: Data Gathered
RESIDENTIAL ENERGY
• Grid Electrici ty for Residential Use (kWh, FPL)
• Stationary Fuel Combustion for Residential Use (Therms, TECO)
COMMERCIAL ENERGY
1m • Grid Electricity for Commercial Use (kWh, FPL)
• Stationary Fuel Combustion for Commercial Use (Therms, TECO)
• Grid Electricity for Public Street & Highway Lighting (kWh, FPL)
• Grid Electricity from Other Sales (kWh, FPL)
INDUSTRIAL ENERGY*
• Grid Electricity for Industrial Use (kWh, FPL)
*FPL is working on changing the industri al designation to the appropriat e designation.
18
2015 Community Inventory: Data Gathered
TRANSPORTATION
• Total Miles Travelled Within City Boundary (20 14, VMT, FOOT)
• Compound annual growth rate (MDC, 2025 population projection)
WATER AND WASTEWATER
• Emissions from the Combustion of Digester Gas (MT C02 e,
population-based ICLEI calculator)
• Emissions for Process N 2 0 from Effluent Discharge (kg N/day, MDC
WASD)
SOLID WASTE*
• Waste generation (tons, FDEP )
*Solid waste generation is a percentage of the Miami Dade County solid waste
generation based on population breakdown for the City of Miami Beach compared to
the County.
19
2015 Community Inventory: Results
Resident ial Natural Gas
Commerc ial Natural Gas
Com mer cia l El ec tri city
Public Stree ts & Hi ghway Lightin g
O th er Sales
Diesel Vehicles
Gas olin e Ve hicle s
Total Emi ssions
*20 15 VMT estimated using 20 14 VMT and
the estimated compound annual growth rate
for Miami-Dade County. It is assum ed tha t
VMT increased proportionally to Miami-Dade
County population.
2,163,381 Therms
6 13,366,809kWh -12,929,242Therms
1,11 3,323,89 1 kW h
10,369,923 kWh
160,686kWh
456,914,972 VMT
456,914,972VMT
I 11.503.74
68,750.99
550,374.99
5,126.40
79.44
38,055.77
182,323.55
1,247,210.90
0.92%
5.51%
44.13%
0.41%
0 .0 1%
3.05%
14 .62%
100.00%
Based o n the most c urrent data available
20
2015 Community Inventory: Results
• In 2015, there were 1 ,247,Q11 MT C02 e released
community-wide. I
• Commercial energy use created 50% of GHG
emissions in the community.
4 Emissions from electricity use accounted for 69% of
the total GHG emiss i ons in the community.
· Emissions from the combustion of gasoline and
diesel for transportat i on accounted for 18% of the
emissions in the community.
21
Emissions by Sector
50o/o 25°/o 18%
Community
GHG EMIS IO N S
7% 0.18o/o
CcrtlllllJE!IfCiiu! IEilllergy 1Re~idootlo1 5nmg y Tra.n~pOllih:l]ioi!l &. .MobJBe sc.tidl Wosi:a~IEI'llll'f9Y lrndluiiriaU !Er.ue~g y
o 241 ,332: Mr co~· Ji l ..t,,:Tn "'uorna• SOillr·t:es Enerrg-y fl3 ,.6SB MJ C02\!!•
220,37'01 MT .oooe•
l otol emi~s[o n s un ~he c omrntu nity: 1,247,211 M T C02e"'
Emissions by Source
~0 0~!!~--( nL r " 220,:l1'P MTCme•
69%
ltiledrilt:ctty e:.s a ,~9> 1•.u aoo~·
('-... ~ 6%
Nij]Huro!l Gel:>
Blll\2$:5: MJ ~·
2 ,249 MJ •002e.
0.15°/o
W'tllllm&
'~Vtll itq"'·oHPr Em~rr'fry
n .am MolT~·
7o/o
\IVrns.t.a \l"'l'aw r &
S.o~d Wms.'IB
llll :5:,.5'27 MJJ OJI2 1!:~
"1MlT C02e = meliriot 1\nn:» ~1 iOQ2 e<l!l»iiWJIIanti GHIG ltlltli!3iioos = ·mreemlhmu1e gps er.o i!!iiC!OIIs !!<Il:!!!!d oDn tlhe 1"1111161 oO!IIJHmH db:IDI m'n:ilobl.,.
Scope
lolol;J00,63A i\U C02a*
CJOmmwriol Natiural Ga~
6 8 ,7$1 M.Jr((JQ:e.•
Rasidar.r!aB Natura'! Gms
1 1 .~ MT C021!,.
On Rood Transporlo1llon
Gmoline Vehidl&5
1 82 ,l.24 MT cme•
On Rood !ransporlafion
Di _, Vahiic!l9s
3B,OSo!i MTC02e'"
Community
INVENTORY
Scope 2
·I '.lllEACfl
RI SIN G
ABOVE
-e tc.! 86 1,049 11AT C02 ~*
Commll'l'r<ld Eloc1r"ir:[I'>J'
560,;]7$ .i.~1 •C02~·
Roesi&.nt:OJ, IEPeor:f.ric i ~y·
3•!l3 .220 MT cme·
O tfl.w s.e~
Comrrn.u:nmrt Wo.sllll!
Ge~Willllfi!:IO
83 ,65:B ~.tJr 002s ..
( ...
•• ....
I El11<ctr ic i ty) 9':5 .MT cme ·
Scope 3
f!'ulb l1·: Slroo'ls. &
~g'hway ILightJ.ng
5 ,:bn.n u.r co2-. •
f.nd iJsir ial E l <lK tri'd~1•
2,2t/i1M1 C02e•
Total: 85,527 MT C02e*
Plroo~s N12'0 llimm
!Eif.lilul!!illt l!)usdhnr.me
o,e.M Mlrc~·
Cll!•mbusl!iollifll o~ II>.l g:ssl!l;r Gas
!Fromm V/c$t~·"tli~I!4T Trnu'1mil!!ll t
&.03 MT 002e •
".Mli COle = r.netrii c 1Dns elf 00:2 equ ~~·:~fem.t
1,247,211
METRIC TONS
OF CARBON DIOXIDE
Greenhouse gas .. . f em1ss1ons rom
C02
emissions from
C02 emissions
absorbed by
Comm unity
EQU IIVALENC IES
I,J,c.. 'i,l Bf ACI·I
RI SIN G
ABOV E
2,989,135,:001
M il es driven by an average
passenger vetucle
140,34 1,049
Gall ons o f gasoline consumed
1 ,330,892,638
Pou nds of cool burned
91.6%
of the Everg lades m one year
Trend by Sector: 2014 to 20 15
650,000 ,...---==------------------------
600,000
550 ,000
500,000
_450 ,000
!/) c: .s 400 ,000
u ·;: 350 ,000
1ii ..s 300 ,000
Q) s 250,000
u 200,000
150,000
100 ,000
50,000
0
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2014 Em issions (MT C02e)
• 2015 Emissions (MT C02e)
*2015 Emissions from
Transportation & Mobile
Sources were calculated
based on 2014 Emissions
and estimated compoun d
annual growth rate.
25
Trend by Sector: 2014 to 2015
.COMMUNilY INVENTORYjl 2014 EmissioL___jU 15 Emissions
(MT C02e) (MT ~02e) !I %Change
Commercia l Energy 596,040.5 1 I 624,331.82 4.75%
Residential Energ y 303,165.1 1 I 314,723.45 3 .81%
*Transportation & Mobile 217,766 .1 5 I 220,379.32 1.20% Sou rces
Solid Waste 87,128.22 83,657.85 -3.98%
Indu st rial En ergy 1,41 7.60 2,248.92 58.64%
Water & Wastewater 1,8 46.43 1,869 .54 1.25 %
Total Emissions 1,207,364.02 l 1,247,210.90 3.30%
*20 1 5 Emissi o n s from Tra nsportation & Mobile So urces were calculated based o n 2014 Emi ss ions and th e estimated compound annual growth rate lor the county population.
• There has been a 3.3% increase in GHG emissions between 2014
and 2015.
• The commercial sector has a 4.75% increase in emissions from
energy.
• There was a 3. 98% decre ase in emissions from solid waste due to
less solid waste sent to the landfill countywide in 2015. 26
Government GHG Emissions Inventory
• !<. k~
In addition to the required community wide GHG inventory, we
have also completed an inventory of the GHG emissions
produced by government operations and governme nt-owned
buildings and facilities. Th i s inventory and consequent targets will
empower the city to lead by example.
27
----
FY 2015 Government Inventory: Factor Sets
The factor sets for Transportation and Grid Electricity were created
using the following data.
• Average passenger vehicle fuel economy (MPG)
• Average light truck fuel economy (MPG)
• Trolley fuel economy (MPG)
• Emissions per mile for gas vehicles
• Emissions per mile for diesel vehicles
I
• C02 lbs released/MWh of electricity produced
• CH 4 lbs released/GWh of electricity produced
• N 2 0 lbs released/GWh of electricity produced
28
FY 2015 Government Inventory: Data Sources
Florida Power & Light
TECO Energy
C ity of Miami Beach Transportation
Department
City of Miami Beach Fleet Management
Division
City of Miami Beach Property Management
Department
29
FY 2015 Government lrlventory: Data Gatherec
•
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
• Grid Electricity for Government Use (kWh, FPL)
• Stationary Fuel Combustion for Government Use (Therms, TECO)
STREET LIGHTS & TRAFFIC SIGNALS
~ • Grid Electricity for Street Lights Use (kWh, FPL)
VEHICLE FLEET
• Consumption of Gasoline (Gallons, CMB Fleet Management)
• Consumption of Diesel (Gallons, CMB Fleet Management)
TRANSIT FLEET
• Total Miles Travelled by Trolley (VMT, CMB Transportation)
30
FY 2015 Government Inventory: Results
Buildings Electricity 46, 1 17 ,52 1 kWh
Diesel Veh icles 133,541 Gal lons
Gasoline Veh icl es 716,71 OGallons
City Tro ll ey-NBT 25,61 OGa ll ons
;~'
-~-,... ,......_
----~· . __ __, --· ,...
'.........-__ /._, .,.__--..... -·_,
Total Emissions
22 ,798.33
1,363.50
6,292.70
22 4.86
35,237.72
64.70%
3.87%
17.86%
0 .64%
100 .00%
Based on th e most current data a v ailable
31
FY 2015 Government Inventory: Results
In FY 2015, there were 35,238 MT C02 e released
through government operations and city-owned
buildings and facilities which represents 2.8% of the
community wide emissions.
• Buildings and facili ties accounted for 65.8% of the
emissions from the government inventory.
• The greatest source of emissions was grid-supplied
electricity. It emitted 77% of the emissions from
government building, facilities and operations.
32
Emissions by Sector
65.8o/o
IB.ul ~dlllllg s & Fo£il li 11les
23,1BS Mlf ome•
""'
0.64'}o
Tra:lll5n ~ s=IMt
22!5 MJI" G D 1!!i"
1 .84o/o
Pluti:!llu c 5er.oo tt & IH l,ah.v.'Gy
l@:h'll!n i n:y
4,172 11.ncme•
'"'o'
21.73°/o
Ve-hjcle PI•
7 ,t.SC. Mlf CIO!lll!"
lfotol emiissiolf11s: 3 5 ~238 Ml C02e '*
•Ml! C02.a = 1111l111riic lions cr.f 002 eqfUHWIIIaTill GHG llimii~sions = sreenh.nose ems erniiufulmll>
Govern ment
GHG EMIS IONS
I 1BEAC
RI SI NG
ABOVE
Emissions by Source
~'}
~ ... ~
77%
Efocbiloltv
:i!.li,9:roN/t co~·
22%
l rnl'll:iiJl'Or Uu 'lliorn
7,188 1 .MT Cme•
1%
NoorclGns.
387 ilotll 00<1!;,"
2omed o!lO IRE. r.l!ln<lit .cmem,t d!Dita «•'llliBnB::d.e
ScoDe
C 11y Operallfoos
Gasoil~n~ Vehid.e
F!Ht ~m i»ioos.
o,'29'L7 ,Mt C02>!!"
CJ1y Oporab~oos
D i-~H.DII 1(ehfct1111Fieet
IEmis.si'oos.
1,363.5 Mt o::nll!\·
Goverment
Narurol
Gos Usage
3:86 .5 M T C02lll"
Oty froiD~
S.er~co -NBl
224.11 Ml C02!!~
l'~a l; 8 ,267:6 MT,C02e ..
Government
INVEN TO RY
Scope 2 To to~ 2 6,97{J .li\,H C02a ..
G«Y.,&mmQillt
EIKtrioitt Usage
22 ... ~'8 .. 3 \•Atif CC~e ·
/
'·I I,IP-fACII
RI SIN G
ABOVE
u bli c St.re et.;. &.
Hi gh·•,lra y Lig:h tin:g
4 ,J 711 .SMi' OlT..:l:!"
~~~.T 002e = mi!fu'lil: illtns ell 002 egtJi·~>:llan,t
35,23,8
METRIC TONS
OF CARBON DIOXIDE
Greenhouse gas
emissions from
C02
emissions from
Carbon
sequestered by
'
I
'·I ll .,.I&ACI-1
Government
EQUIVALEN CI ES
RI SIN G
ABOVE
,,_.--------.
84,4521679
Miles dri ver~ by an average
passenger veh1cle
3,965,086
Gall ons oF gasoline consumed
37,601,998
Pounds of c oal bmned
33,356
Acres of U.S. forests slonng
carbon in one year
(i)
c:
0 -0
'i:
Trend by Sedor: FY 2014 to FY 201 5
30,000 ,.----------------------------
25,000 +----------------------------
20,000
Q) 15,000 201 4 Emissions (MT C02e) .§_
Q)
N
0 u
10 ,000
5,000
0
Buildings, Facilities &
Operations
Vehicle Fleet Public Street &
Highway Lighting
Transit Fleet
• 2015 Emissions (MT C02e)
36
Trend by Sector: FY 20 14 to FY 201 5
20 14 Emis sions 2015 Emissions
H %change IMTC02e) IMTC02e)
Bui ld in gs, Fac iliti es & 22,140 I 23,185 4.72% Ope rati o ns
Vehicle Flee t 7,619 7,656 0.49%
Pu b lic Str eet & Hi g hway 4 ,172 4,172 0.00% Li g hti ng
Transit Fleet 42 225 431.32%
I
Total Emissions 33,972 35,238 I 3.72%
• There has been a 3. 7% inc rease i n GHG emissions between
2014 and 2015 .
• Emissions from the tran sit f leet incre a sed by 431% because
new trolley routes were ad d ed i n 20 1 5.
• There has been a 4.7% inc rease in emissions f r om bu il dings,
facilities & operations .
37
Discussion: Setting Targets
We are studying the targets, actions and endeavors
of other cities to understand some of the challenges
that they have faced and accomplishments they
have achieved in terms of reducing their GHG
emissions. We will determine what is realistic for the
City and adapt those actions into our goals.
• The targets will be used to set short-te r m and long-
term goals. Additionally, they will be considered as
a Climate Action Plan is created.
38
I
Ql
:0
0
0 >
0
0
0 -o
c
~
::::> u
-+-
VJ
0
E
Ql
-£
c
0
-o
Ql
VJ
0 ro
Discussion: SE Florida Regional Compact Partners
Municipality/ Total Emissions Emissions per capita Electricity &
Year (MT C02e/ Stationary Transportation Other Targets County (MT C02e) person/year) I Energy
2014 Miami Beach 1,223,848 13.3 I, . 76% • 18% 6% TBD
I
37% reduction from
2008 West Palm Beach 5,513,890 30.1 33% 27% 40% 2008 levels by
2025
·~"':_: M : -• 0 •
0
:::~~-~~;;!•O"l';'r~p~M.flf>;'~~~rr-~:.,.,' ONO &•: ., .. :r:. ;';
·20% reduction from I:.: I
2CJ10 ·· -~! .. , ,.,-r; . ;-;_
Fortlauderdale 2,827,747 1,n 1 >.! 201 0 levels by li.. J,
" '' ' ·:!!; 2020 ......... , .•. ,:~i:
25% reduction from 2006 Miami 4,800,000 12 .5 58% 39% 3% 2006 le vels
M'~ ''lfl" .. ~::~b% · f. 2(io5 ·' · u:; ' ; 15% reduction from Key West 28% 6%
. '"":-:.' ·iO:·! 2005 levels :ll1
Miami-Dade I
80% reduction from
2005 County 30,700,000 12.8 53% 43% 4% 2008 levels by
2050
The table shows the different breakdown of emissions in each municipality/county.
Our research shows there is a great variety in target setting and actions, depending
on the breakdown of emissions in a particular municipality. The b aseline used also
has an effect on target setting.
39
Discussion: Case Study
I
I
, Orlando was selected as a case study because is has been proactive
in reducing their GHG emissions, focusing their efforts on energy.
Total Emissions per Electricity & Transportation
Emissions capita
I
Stationary
(MT C02e) Energy I
Orlando 5,803,851 24 .6
I
76% 24% .
Miami Beach 1,1 1 7,850 12.2 75% 18%
~ The to rgets they hove set are to: i
Reduce GHG emissions 25% from 2007 levels by 2018.
Reduce GHG emissions 90% from 2007 levels by 2040.
Other
0%
7%
• In 2013, the Mayor of Orlando reported that the City achieved more
than $1 million in annual energy savings over the course of five years.
40
Discussion: Emissions pf:lr Capita
-...
ItS
Q)
~
s::::
0
~
Q) a.
Cii
('II
0
(.)
I-:; -VI
s::::
0
VI
.!!!
E w
2015 Emissions per Capita
18 .---------------------------------------------------
*Flor ida MB Census MB Avg . Residential
Average Population Daily Energy
Population Usage Only
11.5 13.69 5 .69 3 .52
*USA average is
f ro m 20 13 a nd
Florida average is
fro m 2014.
The ave rage CMB resident releases 13.69 MT C02 e per year com p ared to t he average
American resident that releases 16 .4 MT C02 e per year .
Using daily average p opulation, the average emissions per capita are 5 .69 MT C02 e
per person per year.
Each resident emits 3 .52 MT C02 e per year related to their household energy use only.
41
Conclusion
This inventory is a great resource for information. It provides us
with on overview of GHG emissions sources throughout the
community and government operations. As we create emission
reduction target, we will focus on our biggest contricutors.
Based on the resu lts of the inventory, we need to focus our
attention on electricity and transportation. We will create
targets that ore:
Aspirational
Challenging
Attainable
Inclusive
Co-benefits:
Resiliency,
Efficiency
42
r
I
Glossary
CH 4 : methane. It is a greenhouse gas with a GWP between 28-36.
C02 : carbon dioxide. It is the p r incipal greenhouse gas produced through human
activities.
GHG: greenhouse gases. These are gases that trap heat in the atmosphere and
contribute to climate change.
I
GWh: gigawatt-hour. This is a unit for energ1y. 1 GWh is equivalent to 1,000,000
kWh.
i
GWP: global warming potential. A value given to gases depending on how much
energy 1 ton of a gas will absorb over 1 00 years. These values can easily be
compared to C02 which has a GWP of 1 . The higher the GWP, the more that a
gas warms the planet over time. ,
kWh: kilowatt-hour. This is a unit for energy and is equivalent to one kilowatt of
power consumed for one hour.
MWh: megawatt-hour. This is a unit for energy. 1 MWh is equivalent to 1,000
kWh.
MT C02 e: metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalents. This unit is a standard used to
represent the GWP of various g reenhouse gases.
N2 0: nitrous oxide. It is a greenhouse gas with a GWP between 265-298.
43
References
• ICLEI CleorPoth: emissions management software
http:// cleo rpath. iclei usa .org/
Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission
Inventories: An Accounting and Rep 9 rting Standard for Cities
http://ghgprotocol.org/files/ghgp/GHGP CBPC.pdf
• The Compact of Mayors guide to compliance
http://www.bbhub.io/mayors/sites/14/20 15/07/Compact-of-Mayors -Fui i-
Guide July20 15 .pdf
Executive Order: Planning for Federal Sustoinobility i n the Next
Decode
https ://www. whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/20 l 5/03/l 9/ executive -order-planning-
federal -sustai nob ility-next-decade ,
44