2003-25140 Reso
RESOLUTION NO. 2003-25140
A RESOLUTION OF THE MAYOR AND CITY COMMISSION OF THE
CITY OF MIAMI BEACH, FLORIDA, STRONGLY URGING THE
FLORIDA LEGISLATURE TO FULLY FUND THE DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION'S BEACH EROSION CONTROL
PROJECT PRIORITY LIST FOR FY03-04 FOR $30 MILLION AS
PROVIDED FOR IN CHAPTERS 161 AND 201, FLORIDA STATUTES,
AND RESPECTFULLY REQUESTING THAT THE FLORIDA
LEGISLATURE OPPOSE ANY LEGISLATIVE EFFORTS TO AMEND
EXISTING LAW WHICH ALLOCATES $30 MILLION ANNUALLY IN
CERTAIN DOCUMENTARY STAMP TAX REVENUES TO THE
ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND RESTORATION TRUST FUND
FOR PURPOSES OF BEACH PRESERVATION AND REPAIR.
WHEREAS, Florida's number one tourist attraction is its beaches, and
WHEREAS, beach-related tourism has a $41.6 billion impact on the state's economy,
and
WHEREAS, beaches contribute over $1 billion in tourist-related sales tax revenues
annually, and
WHEREAS, 442,000 jobs are created by beach-related tourism, with an $8 billion
payroll resulting from additional spending related to Florida's beaches, and
WHEREAS, over half of Florida's 825 miles of sandy beaches are experiencing erosion,
with 333 miles designated by the Department of Environmental Protection as critically-eroded,
and
WHEREAS, the Florida Legislature, pursuant to Chapter 161, Florida Statutes has
declared beach erosion to be a serious threat to the economic and general welfare of the state and
its residents; and has further declared it to be a necessary responsibility to preserve Florida's
beaches and make provision for beach nourishment projects, and
WHEREAS, the Florida Legislature, in 1998, pursuant to section 161.091, and section
201.15 (11), Florida Statutes, provided that designated funding of $30 million annually shall be
deposited in the Ecosystem Management and Restoration Trust Fund, and that documentary
stamp tax revenues shall be the source of that funding, and
WHEREAS, this $30 million allocation has enabled Florida to develop a consistent,
adequately-funded, priority-driven, long range management program to address critical erosion,
and
WHEREAS, this program represents a cost-effective intergovernmental partnership
which leverages a dollar for dollar local government match, and up to 65% of the total project
cost from federal sources.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED THAT THE MAYOR AND CITY
COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF MIAMI BEACH, FLORIDA strongly urge the Florida
Legislature to fully fund the Department of Environmental Protection's beach erosion control
project priority list for FY03-04 for $30 million as provided for in Chapters 161 and 201, Florida
Statutes, and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED THAT THE CITY OF MIAMI BEACH respectfully
requests that the Florida Legislature oppose any legislative efforts to amend existing law which
allocates $30 million annually in certain documentary stamp tax revenues to the Ecosystem
Management and Restoration Trust Fund for purposes of beach preservation and repair.
PASSED and ADOPTED this 26th day of February 2003.
ATTEST:
~~ rtLtLk-
City Clerk
F~ASTO
& GUAGI
5- )C-ttS
om.
~
~
r'! en
',> %:
, ocr
l'Q: -=t'
CD
L..J
FRO~
o
DATE:
RE:
~Lt.J
.-::~ (-)
, Ll...
:.:..- 1,,.1_
". c:.,--:
to
C;' Rc/'1
c:; Ih tJ-
9vtJ
t.~.
CITY OF MIAMI BEACH
OFFICE OF THE MAYOR & COMMISSION
MEMORANDUM
DAVID DE
MAYOR
FEDRUARY 14,2003
AGENDA ITEM
Please place on the February 26, 2003 agenda a resolution in support of continued Beach
Management Funding.
DD: fr
Agenda Item ~7 Z
Date ;}. -;.6.03
RESOLUTION IN SUPPORT OF CONTINUED BEACH MANAGEMENT
FUNDING OF $30 MILLION ANNUALLY
WHEREAS, Florida's number one tourist attraction is its
beaches, and
WHEREAS, beach-related tourism has a $41.6 billion impact
on the state's economy, and
WHEREAS, beaches contribute over $1-billion in tourist-
related sales tax revenues annually, and
WHEREAS, 442,000 jobs are created by beach-related tourism,
with an $8 billion payroll resulting from additional
spending related to Florida's beaches, and
WHEREAS, over half of Florida's 825 miles of sandy beaches
are experiencing erosion, with 333 miles designated by the
Department of Environmental Protection as critically-
eroded, and
WHEREAS, the Florida Legislature, pursuant to Chapter 161,
F.S., has declared beach erosion to be a serious threat to
the economic and general welfare of the state and its
residents; and has further declared it to be a necessary
responsibility to preserve Florida's beaches and make
provision for beach nourishment projects, and
WHEREAS, the Florida Legislature, in 1998, pursuant to s.
161.091, and s. 201.15 (11), provided that designated
funding of $30 million annually shall be deposited in the
Ecosystem Management and Restoration Trust Fund, and that
documentary stamp tax revenues shall be the source of that
funding, and
WHEREAS, this $30 million allocation has enabled Florida to
develop a consistent, adequately-funded, priority-driven,
long range management program to address critical erosion,
and
WHEREAS, this program represents a cost-effective
intergovernmental partnership which leverages a dollar for
dollar local government match, and up to 65% of the total
project cost from federal sources.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the (Name of local
government or interest group) strongly urges the Florida
Legislature to fully fund the Department of Environmental
Protection's beach erosion control project priority list
for FY03-04 for $30 million as provided for in Chapters 161
and 201, Florida Statutes, and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the (Name of local government
_or interest group) respectfully requests that the Flor1da
Legislature oppose any legislative efforts to amend
existing law which allocates $30 million annually in
certain documentary stamp tax revenues to the Ecosystem
Management and Restoration Trust Fund for purposes of beach
preservation and repair.
DEF 1/27/03
CITY OF MIAMI BEACH
CITY HALL 1700 CONVENTION CENTER DRIVE MIAMI BEACH. FLORIDA 33139
www.ci.miami-beach.fl.us
City Clerk's Office
Telephone 305-673-7411
Facsimile 305-673-7254
March 12, 2003
Governor Jeb Bush
The Capitol
400 South Monroe Street
The Capitol, Tallahassee, Fla 32399-0001
Honorable Governor Bush:
On February 26, 2003, the Miami Beach City Commission passed Resolution Number
2003-25140 (attached), strongly urging the Florida Legislature to fully fund the Department
of Environmental Protection's beach erosion control project priority list for fiscal year 2003-
2004 for $30 million and respectfully requesting that the Florida Legislature oppose any
legislative efforts to amend existing law which allocates $30 million annually in certain
documentary stamp tax revenues to the ecosystem management and restoration trust fund
for purposes of beach preservation and repair.
Respectfully submitted,
in '"
1V-/7 L D. i
rl U.,(,( J !l Cl1 CfeCA_
Robert E. Parcher
City Clerk
RP/lh
cc
Mayor David Dermer
Vice-Mayor Luis R. Garcia, Jr.
Commissioner Matti Herrera-Bower
Commissioner Simon Cruz
Commissioner Saul Gross
Commissioner Jose Smith
Commissioner Richard Steinberg
Jorge M. Gonzalez, City Manager
F:\CLER\HA TL\Letters\Transmittal\2003\2003-25140 gov,doc
CITY OF MIAMI BEACH
CITY HALL 1700 CONVENTION CENTER DRIVE MIAMI BEACH, FLORIDA 33139
www.ci.miami-beach.fl.us
City Clerk's Office
Telephone 305-673-7411
Facsimile 305-673-7254
March 12, 2003
Miami-Dade County Legislative Delegation
Sen. Frederica Wilson
NW 2nd Ave, Ste 310
Miami, Fla 33169
Honorable Senator Wilson:
On February 26, 2003, the Miami Beach City Commission passed Resolution Number
2003-25140 (attached), strongly urging the Florida Legislature to fully fund the Department
of Environmental Protection's beach erosion control project priority list for fiscal year 2003-
2004 for $30 million and respectfully requesting that the Florida Legislature oppose any
legislative efforts to amend existing law which allocates $30 million annually in certain
documentary stamp tax revenues to the ecosystem management and restoration trust fund
for purposes of beach preservation and repair..
Respectfully submitted,
~cf~~i
Robert E. Parcher
City Clerk
RPllh
cc Mayor David Dermer
Vice-Mayor Luis R. Garcia, Jr,
Commissioner Matti Herrera-Bower
Commissioner Simon Cruz
Commissioner Saul Gross
Commissioner Jose Smith
Commissioner Richard Steinberg
Jorge M. Gonzalez, City Manager
F:\CLER\HA TL\Letters\Transmittal\2003\2003-25140 deleg.doc
2003 MIAMI-DADE COUNTY LEGISLATIVE DELEGATION
Chair:
Vice Chair:
Executive Director:
Executive Assistant:
Representative Rene Garcia
Senator Frederica Wilson
Debra Owens dowens@miamidade.gov
Mirtha D.Flores mfloreeS@miamidade.gov
Deleaation Office
111 NW. 1 Street Floor, # 108
Miami, FL 33131
Telephone: 305-375-4088
Fax: 305-3754151
214 House Office Building
Tallahassee, Florida 32399
I
FLORIDA SENATE
I
N
dDitlct
D trI ffi
ame an sr is ctO ce Tallahassee Office Committee Asslllnments
Sen. Frederica Wilson (305) 654.7150 (850) 487.5116 Democratic Whip Appropriations-Health
33rd District Fax: (888) 284-8589 & Human Services, Subcommittee;
Wilson. Frederica. web@f1senale.qov Children and Families (Vice Chair)
Commerce Economic Opportunities &
Consumer Services; Education, Health
18425 NW 2nd Avenue Suite 310 224 Senate Office Building Aging & Long Term Care; Military &
Staff: Joan Glickman Miami, Florida 33169 Tallahassee, FL 32399 Veteran's Affairs, Base Protection &
Patricia Lightfoot Spaceports
Karen Andre
Sen. Debbie Wasserman- (954) 704-2934 (850) 487.5103 Appropriations, Vice Chair
Schultz Fax: 954) 704-2936 Appropriations-Subcommittee on
34th District Education Banking and Insurance
Schultz,Debbie. web@f1senate.qov Commerce, Economic Opportunities, and
Consumer Services Health, Aging and
Long-Term Care Military and Veteran's
Staff: Julia Lopes 10100 Pines Blvd/BldgB-2nd FI 202 Senate Office Building Affairs, Base Protection, and Spaceports
Judith Knopp Pembroke Pines, FI 33026 Tallahassee, FL 32399 Constitutional Amendment
Mayle Canino Implementation
Sen. Gwen Margolis (305) 535-5432 (850) 487-5121 Banking and Insurance, Vice Chair,
35th District Fax: 305.535-5435 Appropriations Committee on Article V
marqolis.qwen. web@f1senale.qov HSBC Bank Building Implementation and Judiciary, Children
and Families, Criminal Justice, Health
Staff: Gwynne Gonzalez 301 41 Street, Jrd Floor Aging and Long Term-Care, Regulated
Karen Simon Miami Beach, FI 33140 Industries, Select Committee on
Marisa Bluestone 213 Senate Office Building Constitutional Amendment
Tallahassee, FI 32399 Implementation
Sen. Alex Diaz de La Portilla (305) 643.7200 (850) 487-5109 Regulated Industries, Chair
361h District (305) 643.7202 Appropriations, Subcommittee on
Dortilla.alex,web@f1senale.qov Education, Banking and Insurance,
Health, Aging and Long Term-Care,
Committee on Judiciary, Committee on
Staff: Jeanette Nunez 1555 SW 8 Street 404 Senate Office Building Rules and Calendar
Anabel Castillo Miami, Florida 33135 Tallahassee, FL 32399
Julio Guillen
Sen. J. Alex Villalobos (305) 222-4160 (850) 487.5130 Judiciary-Chair, Criminal Justice-Chair,
381h District Fax: (305) 222-4162 Appropriations SubComm,Qn Article V
villalobos.alex. web@f1senate.qov and Judiciary, Regulated Industries,
Comm, On Const Amendment Imp,
Health Aging and Long-tenn Care,
Children and Families, Rules and
Staff: Vicky Romaguera Calendar-Vice Chair
2350 Coral Way, Suite 202-A 305 Senate Office Building
Norma Ledesma Miami, Florida 33145 Tallahassee, FL 32399
N
dOl t 'ct
0' t 'ctOffi
T II h
Offi
c
AsI
ame an Sri IS n ce a a assee Ice ommlttee slanments
Sen. Larcenia Bullard (305) 668-7344 (850) 487.5127 Education (Vice-Chair); Comprehensive
39th District Fax: (305) 668.7346 Fax: 487.5841 Planning; Transportation; Agriculture;
bullard.larcen ia. web(1i)flsenate. qov Ethics & Elections; General Govemment
Appropriation Sub-committee
Staff: Julie Fishman
Ralph McCloud 8603 S, Dixie Highway, #304 218 Senate Office Building
Sheila Chamberlain Miami, FL 33143 Tallahassee, FL 32399
Denise Cooper
Sen. Rodolfo "Rudy" Garcia (305) 364-3191 (850) 487-5106 Commerce, Economic Opportunities and
40th District Fax: (888)284-8594 Consumer Services, Chair Appropriations
Garcia. rudv. web(1i)flsenate .qOV Subcommittee on Health and Human
Services, Committee on Ethic and
Elections, Committee on Home Defense,
Staff: Frances Aleman 7475 West 4 Avenue, Suite B 413 Senate Office Building Public, Safety and Ports, Select
Chiara Fabietti Hialeah, Florida 33014 Tallahassee, FL 32399 Committee on Automobile Insurance/PIP
Susie Martin Reform
Senate staff e.mail addresses: lastname.firstname.Sdistric
~
FLORIOA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
I
Rep. Rafael "Ralph" Arza (305) 827-2720 (850) 488.1683 Education K-20 Vice Chair,
102 District Fax: (305) 827.2725 Appropriations, Education Appropriations
Sub, Public Safety & Crime Prevention
arza. Raloh(1i)mvfloridahouse.co
14645 NW 7.,.. St, Suite 323 The Capitol
Staff: Rolando Lara 104 Tallahassee, FL 32399
David Concepcion Hialeah, Florida 33014
Rep. Wilbert T. Holloway (305) 628.7077 (850) 488.0766 Finance & Tax Appropriations, Public
103 District Fax: (305) 628.7079 Safety Appropriations Sub, Business
Regulation, Public Safety & Crime
Hollowav. tee(1i)mvfloridahouse. com Prevention, State Administration
1525 N.w,167th Street, 1402 The Capitol
Staff: Ruby Morton Suite 103 Tallahassee, FL 32399
Suheid Leon Miami, Florida 33169
Rep. Yolly Roberson (305) 919-1867 (850) 488.7088 Health Appropriations Sub, Health Care,
104 District Fax: (305) 919-1869 Judiciary, Procedures
Roberson. vollv(1i)mvfloridahouse, com
645 NE 127" Street 1401 The Capitol
Staff: Reggie Darbonne North Miami, FI33161 Tallahassee,FL 32399
I
FLORIDA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
I
Rep. Dan Gelber (850) 488-0690 Judicial Appropriations Sub, Insurance,
1 06 District (305) 531.7831 Judiciary, Select Committee on Medical
Fax: (305) 535-5487 Liability Insurance
Qelber,dan@mvfloridahouse,com
1920 Meridian Avenue
Staff: Naomi Bennett Miami Beach, FI33139
1401 The Capitol
Debra Schwartz Tallahassee FL, 32399
Rep. Gustavo A. Barreiro (305) 643.7324 (850) 488.9930 Chair, Public & Safety & Crime Prevention,
107 District Fax: (305) 643.7326 Appropriations, Public Safety
Appropriations Sub, Education K-20,
barreiro. Gustavo@mvfloridahouse,com Judiciary
1454 SW 1 Street Suite 204 House Office Building
Staff: Ana Garcia 100 Tallahassee. FL 32399
Betsv Mesa Miami, Florida 33135
(305) 956.2538 (850) 488.4233 Human Services Appropriations Sub,
Rep. Phillip Brutus Fax: (305) 956.2540 Commerce, Judiciary, Subcommittee
108 District (888) 864-7582 Banking &Securities, Subcommittee
Claims
brutus,phillip@mvfloridahouse.com 1125 NE 125" Street, Suite 1302 The Capitol
103 Tallahassee,FL32399
Staff: Angela Lane Miami, FI 33161
Carol Margron
Rep. Dorothy Bendross. (305) 694-2958 (850) 488.0625 Appropriations, Education K-20, Future of
Mindingall Fax: (305) 694-2960 Florida's Families, Procedures,
1 09 District Transportation
mindinaall.Dorathy@mvlloridahouse.com 6600 NW 27" Avenue, Suite 1401 The Capitol
112 Tallahassee, FL 32399
Staff: Tiandra Sullivan Miami, Florida 33147
Edward Herbert
Rep. Rene Garcia (305) 827.2767 (850) 487-2197 Subcommittee on Health Services (Chair)
110 District Fax: (305) 827.2769 (850) 488-9933 fax Health Appropriations Sub, Business
Regulation, Health Care, Public Safety &
Garcia.rene@mvfloridahouse.com Crime Prevention, Sub
www.reneqarcia,orq 214 House Office Building Telecommunications, Sub Criminal Justice
3766 W 12 Avenue Tallahassee,Fl32399
Hialeah, FI33012
Staff: Osvaldo Guerra
Chastity Acosta
Rep. Marco Rubio (305) 442.6939 (850) 488-1993 Majority Leader, Appropriations
111 District Fax: (305) 442.6941 (850) 922.6002 fax
rubio.marcota>mvfloridahouse.com 6427 SW 8" Street
Miami, F133144 317 The Capitol
Staff: Tallahassee,FL 32399
Maribel Villarreal
Michelle Lorenzo
Rep. David Rivera (305) 227-7630 (850) 488.7897 Finance& Tax, Commerce
112 District Fax: (305) 227.7632
rivera.davidralmvfloridahouse,com
2450 SW 137" Avenue, Suite 417 House Office Building
Staff: Alina Garcia 205 Tallahassee, FL 32399
Belen Valladares Miami, Florida 33175
Rep. Manuel Prieguez (305) 643.7336 (850) 488-4202 Chair, Committee on Business Regulation,
113 District Fax: (305) 643-7338 Appropriations, Health Care, Health
Services Commerce & Local Affairs
Appropriations
orie<luez. manuelralmvfloridahouse.com
304 SW 12111 Avenue, Suite 300 House Office Building
304 Tallahassee, FI 32399
Staff: Viviana Sovo Miami, Florida 33130
Maritza Prebal
Rep. Gaston Cantens (305) 227-7626 (850) 488-2831 Majority Whip, Appropriations, Select
114 District Fax: (305)227.7629 (850) 414-5045 fax Committee on Medical Liability
Insurance
cantens.aastonralmvfloridahouse .com
Staff: Veronica Dennis 1321 SW 107111 Avenue, 322 The Capitol
Jimmy Card Suite205C Tallahassee,Fl32399
Miami, Florida 33174
Rep. Juan Carlos J.C. Planas (305) 442.68006~ (850) 488.3616 Judiciary, Vice Chair, Judicial
115 District Fax: (305)44268 2 Appropriations Sub, Public Safety & Crime
1 Prevention
~.ralmvflOridahouse.coffi) .
.J~@ 8532 SW 8111 Street, Suite 280 218 House Office Building
Miami, Florida 33144 Tallahassee, FI32399
Staff: Miriam Grissett
Roberto Sanchez!
Rep. Marcelo LLorente (305) 273.3200 (850) 488-5047 Finance & Tax Transportation & Economic
116 District Fax: (305)273-3202 Development Appropriations Sub,
Insurance, Public Safety & Crime
llorente, marceloralmvfloridahouse,com Prevention
13701 SW 88" Street, Suite 214 House Office Building
201 Tallahassee,Fl32399
Miami, Florida 33186
Staff: Carolina Suarez
Michael Pineiro
Rep. Julio Robaina (305) 442-6868 (850) 488.6506 Local Govemment &Veteran Affairs Vice
117 District Fax: (305) 442-6870 Chair, Commerce & Local Affairs
Appropriations Sub, Health Care,
robaina.Ju lioralmvfloridahouse,com Transportation, Business regulation
(Energy),Select Committee of Florida's
6741 SW 24111 Street, Suite 19 402 House Office Building Economic Future
Miami, Florida 33155 Tallahassee, FI32399
Staff: Claudia Mira
Alex DominQuez
Rep. Edward Bullard (305) 234-2208 (850) 488-5430 Subcommittee Trades, Professions &
118 District Fax: (305) 234-2210 Regulated Business, Subcommittee
Tourism, Public Safety & Crime Prevention,
bullard. Edwardralmvfloridahouse .com Commerce & Local Affairs Appropriations
Subcommittee, Transportation
16201 SW 95111 Avenue 1003 The Capitol
Miami, Florida 33157 Tallahassee,FI32399
Staff: Veronica Bula
Rep. Juan C. Zapata (305)273.3288 (850) 488-9550 Subcommittee Trades, Professions &
119 District Fax: (305) 273.3290 Regulated Business, Business
Regulations, Education Appropriation
Subcommittee. Public Safety,
Zaoata,iuan@mvfloridahouse.com Subcommittee on Corrections and Joint
13550 SW 88111 Street, Suite 150 303 House Office Building Legislative Auditing Committee
Miami, Florida 33186 Tallahassee,Fl32399
Staff: Brenda Fausta
Danielle Blake-Bellido
Rep. Ken Sorensen (305) 853.1947 (850) 488-9965 Local Government & Veterans Affairs,
120 District Fax: (305) 853.1949 Chair, Commerce & Local Affairs
Appropriations Sub, Judiciary, Natural
Sorensen. ken@mvfloridahouse.com Resources
P.O. Box 699 303 House Office Building
Tavemier, Florida 33070 Tallahassee, FI32399
Staff: Laura Todd
House staff e-mail addresses:lastname.firstname@myfloridahouse.com
Florida Legislature Bill Information : (800) 342-1827
State Senate Bill Drafting: (850) 487-5312
Final Bills: (850) 488-4177
Florida LegiSlature Web Page: www.lea.state.fl.us
Page 1 ofl
Hatfield, Liliam
Hatfield, Liliam
March 12, 2003 8:29 AM
'jeb.bush@myflorida.com'; Senator Frederica S. Wilson (Wilson,Frederica,web@f1senate,gov);
Senator Rudy Garcia; Debra Owens, Executive Director; Rep, Dan Gelber; Rep. David Rivera;
Rep, Dorothy Bendross-Mindingall; Rep, Edward Bullard; Rep, Gaston Cantens; Rep. Gustavo
Barreiro; Rep. Juan C, Zapata; Rep, Juan Carlos J, C. Planas; Rep. Julio Robaina; Rep. Ken
Sorensen; Rep, Manuel Prieguez; Rep, Marcelo Llorente; Rep, Marco Rubio; Rep. Phillip Brutus;
Rep, Rafael "Ralph" Arza; Rep, Rene Garcia; Rep, Wilbert T. Holloway; Rep. Yolly Roberson;
Senator Alex Diaz de la Portilla; Senator Debbie Wasserman Schultz; Senator Gwen Margolis;
Senator J. Alex Villalobos; Senator Larcenia J, Bullard
'mflores@miamidade.gov'; Mayor E-mail; Bower, Matti H.; Garcia, Luis; Cruz, Simon; Gross, Saul;
Smith, Jose; Steinberg, Richard; Gonzalez, Jorge; Mayor E-mail
Subject: Resolution 2003-25140
From:
Sent:
To:
Cc:
The City of Miami Beach City Commission adopted Resolution 2003-25140 on February 26, 2003, Attached
please find said resolution along with transmittal letters to Governor Jeb Bush, the 2003 Dade Delegation and
copies to the Miami Beach City Commission and City Manager.
Please confirm receipt of documents via emaH. Thank you.
LiCiam <1(, HatfieU
City CCerf{;s Office
1700 Convention Center([)rive
:Miami CBeacli, <FC 33139
(305) 673-7411 '4,.t 6592
(305) 673-7254 <Fax:..
Llliam,?(a tjieUf@miami6eacfij[gO'v
03/12/2003
City of ~iami (8eacfi ~ission Statement:
''We are committed" to providl11fJ exseff.ent pu6fic service aruf safety to afI wlio five, wor{
aruf pCay in ourvi6rant, tropica[, liistoricaC community,"