390-11 Diversity Within Ethnic Groups 1991
J
DIVERSITY WITHIN ETHNIC GROUPS: HISPANIC JEWS, COJ:.a.mIANS, CARIBBEAN BIACKS,
AND CYI'HER m'HNIC SUB:;ROOPS ~G MIAMI BEACH VOTERS, 1991
by Abraham D. Lavender, Ph.D.
Departnent of Sociology and Anthropology
Florida International University
Electoral data as of: 2/91
Draft: 9/91 Revised: 12/91
'!he 37,018 registered voters in Miami Beach, Dade County, Florida, as of
February 1991, are of diverse geographical and ethnic origins. Only 57.1% of
the voters were born in the fifty states or the District of Columbia, but even
these voters represent everyone of the fifty states. The District of Columbia
and eleven mid-Atlantic and northeastern states account for 38.2% of the
voters, eleven southern states (excepting Florida) account for 3.6%, and the
twenty-seven other states account for 8.6%. Only 6.8% of the voters were born
in Florida, and it is probable that only a small number of these were born in
Miami Beach. Another 3.1% of the voters are from areas associated with the
United States, mostly Puerto Rico. The foreign-born comprised 39.8% of the
registered voters of Miami Beach. Nearly every Latin Arrerican and Caribbean
area, over nineteen European countries, six Middle Eastern countries, and
other areas of the world are represented among the foreign-born voters. Other
cities in the metropolitan area have high percentages of foreign-born voters,
but Miami Beach is urunatched in the ethnic and national origins diversity of
its foreign-born and its reputation as an emerging cosmopolitan city.
'!he registered voters in Miami Beach are camprised of two major ethnic
groups, Jews and Hispanics, a small number of blacks, and small numbers of
several other ethnic groups. According to an analysis of the registered voters
as of February 1991, 53.2% are Jewish, 27.9% are Hispanic, 2.6% are black, and
18.1% are "Others" (defined as non-Jewish, non-Hispanic, non-black). A small
number of voters are counted as both Hispanic and Jewish, or both Hispanic and
1
black, so that the total is 101.8% when these four groups are treated
separately. A very small m.unber of voters probably are both Jewish and black,
rot the nwnber was too small to analyze separately. The 18.1% of Others also
consists of a significant number of ethnic groups, e.g., Irish-Americans and
Italian-Americans. Only a small percentage of the city is canprised of
nonethnic white Protestants. While the term Anglo is used frequently by the
rredia and informally to refer to all voters who are not black or Hispanic,
this report also separates out Jewish voters, so that "Others" includes all
voters who are not black, Hispanic, or Jewish. "Other" is used instead of
Anglo because of the inaccuracy of the term Anglo.
The overlapping of Hispanics and Jews, and of Hispanics and blacks,
suggest that the city can not be analyzed accurately by utilizing only the
four "ethnic" groups. But, these overlappings are only suggestive of the
diversity within the four groups. Within each of the four major groups, there
is much diversity. Most of the Jewish voters are Ashkenazic, but there is also
a vibrant Sephardic camnunity. The Ashkenazim are mostly non-Hispanic, rot
with some Hispanics, and the Sephardim are about equally divided between
Hispanics and non-Hispanics, so that four groups exist with clearly different
political identities (see Lavender, November 1991, for Sephardic details).
There also are Israeli Jews, and recent Russian Jewish refugees referred to as
Refuseniks. Among Hispanics, there is tremendous diversity according to area
of origin. Cuban-Americans are the largest Hispanic group on Miami Beach, rot
there are also significant nwnbers of voters fram Puerto Rican and Colombia,
and smaller nwnbers from other countries. There are also almost two thousand
United States-born Hispanics, not counted as Hispanics by the electoral board
(which defines as Hispanic only those people born in SpaniSh-speaking
countries), but analyzed as Hispanic in this report (see Lavender, February
2
1991, for the methodology). Blacks are also diverse, including, among others,
Southern United States blacks, Northern United States blacks, Hispanic blacks,
and Caribbean blacks. Among the "others" are English-surnamed whites (the only
group accurately referred to as "Anglos"), but also IriSh-Americans, Italian-
Americans, Asian-Americans, and small numbers of numerous other ethnic or
nationality groups.
The purpose of this report is to (1) show the diversity of birthplaces of
the registered voters, (2) show the number of registered voters of different
ethnic groups and subgroups, and (3) present the political affiliations of the
different ethnic groups and subgroups. '!he numbers given are obtained where
available fran the official Board of Elections figures. Numbers enclosed in
parentheses () are estimates obtained by using the Distinctive Jewish Names
(DJN) Technique as refined by this author, the Distinctive Hispanic Names
(DHN) Technique developed by this author, and a list of Sephardic names
developed by this author (see Lavender, February 1991, for a discussion of the
refined DJN and the DHN techniques; see Lavender, November 1991 for a
discussion of Sephardic names). Numbers enclosed in brackets [] are sample
sizes obtained by using distinctive names, but where estimates of the total
sizes of the groups are not possible.
'!he diversity of birthplaces are shown in summary form in Table la.
Tables Ib through If show the details for the summary figures. The number of
registered voters of different ethnic groups and subgroups, and their
political affiliations, are shown in Table 2. Note that the subgroups are not
necessarily mutually exclusive.
3
Table la. Birthplaces of Miami Beach's 37,018 Voters, 1991
United States (50 states and OC)
U.S. areas (Puerto Rico, Guam, VI, CZ)
TOrAL U. S. AND AREAS
Number
21,147
1,130
22,277
Percent of Total
57.1
3.1
60.2
'IDI'AL OUTSIDE OF U.S. AND AREAS
14,741
39.8
Spanish areas (except Puerto Rico)
Puerto Rico
TOrAL SPANISH IN:LUDING PUER'ID RICO
7,448
1,007
8,455
20.1
2.7
22.8
Spanish-speaking Caribbean
Non-Spanish-speaking Car ibbean
'IDI'AL CARIBBEAN
6,970
222
7,192
18.8
0.6
19.4
Canada
191
0.5
'IDI'AL AMERICAS INCLUDING CARIBBEAN
29,991
81.0
Western and Southern Europe 1,183 3.2
Eastern Europe 4,666 12.6
Balkan areas 342 0.9
Middle East 251 0.7
Other Areas and Unspecified Areas 582 1.6
'IDI'AL OUTSIDE AMERICAS AND CARIBBEAN 7,027 19.0
4
Table lb. Number of Voters Born in Each of the Fifty States, February 1991
Alabama 112 Montana 11
Alaska 5 Nebraska 38
Arizona 31 Nevada 7
Arkansas 31 New Hanpshire 47
California 263 New Jersey 1,259
Colorado 49 New Mexico 13
Connecticut 301 New York 9,398
Delaware 37 North Carolina 140
District of ColLunbia 160 North Dakota 15
Florida 2,501 Ohio 584
Georgia 242 Oklahoma 46
Hawaii 12 Oregon 19
Idaho 7 Pennsylvania 1,691
Illinois 909 Rhode Island 103
Indiana 162 South Carolina 91
Iowa 69 South Dakota 17
Kansas 40 Tennessee 119
Kentucky 101 Texas 171
Louisiana 84 Utah 9
Maine 53 Vennont 23
Maryland 271 Virginia .187
Massachusetts 814 Washington 59
Michigan 339 West Virginia 95
Minnesota 101 Wisconsin III
Mississippi 40 Wyoming 9
Missouri 151 TOTAL UNITED STATES 21,147
5
Table lc. Number of Voters Born in United States Areas, February 1991
Canal Zone
86
Puerto Rico
1,007
Guam
2
Virgin Islands
35
TOTAL U.S. AREAS
1,130
U.S. & U.S. AREAS
22,277
Table Id. Number of Voters Born in Spanish-Speaking Areas, February 1991
Chile 66 Mexico 44
Col anbi a 370 Spain 110
Cuba 5,842 Venzuela 51
Dominican Republic 121 Other Spanish areas 785
Honduras 59 TOTAL THESE AREAS 7,448
PLUS PUERrO RICO* 8,455
*People born in these areas, including Puerto Rico, and only these, are
classified as Latin or Hispanic by the Board of Elections.
6
Table Ie. Number of Voters Born in the Americas and the Caribbean
Canada
United States
191
21,147
Bahamas 15
Haiti 78
Jamaica 66
Virgin Islands 35
Other West Indies 28
TOTAL NON-SPANISH CARIBBEAN 222
Cuba 5,842
Dominican Republic 121
Puerto Rico 1,007
TOTAL SPANISH CARIBBEAN 6,970
TOTAL CARIBBEAN 7,192
Canal Zone
Mexico
Honduras
Colanbia
Venzuela
Chile
Other Latin America
TOTAL IATIN AMERICA (except CZ)
TOTAL IATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN
TOTAL AMERICANS AND CARIBBEAN
7
86
44
59
370
51
66
785
1,375
8,345
29,991
Table If. Number of Voters Born in Foreign Countries
Other than Americas and Caribbean
Uni ted Kingdan 242 Yugoslavia 35
Ireland 36 Rumania 247
Spain 110 Greece 60
France 65 TOTAL BALKAN AREAS 342
Italy 157
Switzerland 14 Turkey 79
Belgium 19 Syria 14
Holland 12 Lebanon 17
Sweden II Israel 118
Germany 517 Egypt 23
TOTAL WESTERN TOTAL MIDDLE EAST 251
& SOOTHERN EUROPE 1,183
Japan II
Austria 391 Philippines 49
Czechoslovak i a 290 Guam 2
Hungary 476
Poland 1,821 Unspecified areas 521
Lithuania 113
Latvia 25 TOTAL FOREIGN-BORN
Estonia 4 OUTSIDE AMERICAS 7,025
Russia 1,546
TOTAL EASTERN EUROPE 4,666
8
(.
Table 2. Ethnic and Regional Subgroups by Political Affiliation
Total Percent Percent Percent
Number Democrats Independents Republicans
TOTAL JEWS (19,687) 82.0 6.0 12.0
Ashkenazic Jews (19,171) 82.9 5.9 11.2
*Sephardic Jews (516) 46.5 10.1 43.4
Cuban Jews ( 680) 43.2 11.8 45.0
Non-Cuban Jews (19,007) 83.4 5.8 10.8
Israeli-born (117) 58.1 20.5 21.4
Russian Refuseniks (27) 85.2 0 14.8
TOTAL HISPANICS (10,334) 30.8 9.5 59.7
Cuban-born 5,842 21.6 8.9 69.6
Puerto Rican-born 1,007 53.3 10.5 35.2
Colanbian-born 370 46.2 9.2 44.6
Dominican Republic-born 121 49.6 1.6 48.8
Other foreign-born 1,115 35.2 11.7 53.0
U.S.-born Hispanics (1,879) 42.4 10.2 47.5
TOTAL BIACKS 947 74.2 8.5 17.2
Cuban-born 53 28.3 9.4 62.3
Non-cuban Hispanics 68 58.8 5.9 35.3
All Hispanics 121 45.5 7.4 47.1
Hai tians 68 76.4 7.5 16.2
J amacians 45 64.4 17.8 17.8
Virgin Islands 29 62.1 13.8 24.1
All Caribbean-born (except Cuba) 170 69.4 11.8 18.8
Southern U.S.-born 353 84.7 5.7 9.6
Northern U.S.-born 178 78.1 9.6 12.4
9
Table 2 continued. Ethnic and Regional Subgroups by Political Affiliation
Total Percent Percent Percent
Number Democrats Independents Republicans
TOTAL "OTHERS" (6,850) 48.8 19.7 31.5
Irish-surnamed [ 183] 61.2 15.3 23.5
Italian-surnamed [113] 61.1 10.6 28.3
British-surnamed
(Florida-born "Anglos") [90] 71.1 4.4 24.4
British-surnamed
(Southern U.S.-born "Anglos") [97] 67.0 12.4 20.6
British-surnamed
(Northern U.S.-born "Anglos") [374] 70.6 9.1 20.3
British-surnamed
(Other U.S.-born "Anglos") [173] 57.8 13.9 28.3
Caribbean-born
(non-Hispanic non-black) [154] 53.2 3.9 42.9
Asian-American (Japanese,
Chinese, Filipino, etc.) [77] 36.3 20.8 42.9
*A separate report analyzes Sephardim; work is continuing on expanding the
sample size, and final figures are expected to vary slightly.
REPORTS IN THIS SERIES:
"Sephardic Political Identity in Miami Beach: An Ingathering of Exiles in
Historical Context." November, 1991.
"Diversity Within Ethnic Groups: Hispanic Jews, Colanbians, Caribbean Blacks,
and Other Ethnic Subgroups Among Miami Beach Voters." September, 1991.
"Ethnic Political Identity: Changing Political Affiliation of Blacks,
Hispanics, Jews, and Others in Miami Beach." June, 1991.
"Political Inplications of Demographic Changes in Miami Beach fran 1980 to
1990: A Look at Blacks, Hispanics, Jews, and Others." April, 1991.
"The Distinctive Hispanic Names (DHN) Technique: A Method for Selecting a
Sanple or Estimating Population Size." February, 1991. Also forthcoming in
Names: A Quarterly Journal.
10
J
DIVERSITY WITHIN ETHNIC GROUPS: HISPANIC JEWS, COLCMBIANS, CARIBBEAN BIACKS,
AND OTHER ETHNIC S~S AlO'IG MIAMI BEACH VCYI'ERS, 1991
by Abraham D. Lavender, Ph.D.
Depart:Irent of Sociology and Anthropology
Florida International University
Electoral data as of: 2/91
Draft: 9/91 Revised: 12/91
'!he 37,018 registered voters in Miami Beach, Dade County, Florida, as of
February 1991, are of diverse geographical and ethnic origins. Only 57.1% of
the voters were born in the fifty states or the District of Columbia, but even
these voters represent everyone of the fifty states. The District of Columbia
and eleven mid-Atlantic and northeastern states account for 38.2% of the
voters, eleven southern states (excepting Florida) account for 3.6%, and the
twenty-seven other states account for 8.6%. Only 6.8% of the voters were born
in Florida, and it is probable that only a small number of these were born in
Miami Beach. Another 3.1% of the voters are from areas associated with the
United States, mostly Puerto Rico. The foreign-born canprised 39.8% of the
registered voters of Miami Beach. Nearly every Latin American and Caribbean
area, over nineteen European countries, six Middle Eastern countries, and
other areas of the world are represented among the foreign-born voters. Other
cities in the metropolitan area have high percentages of foreign-born voters,
but Miami Beach is unmatched in the ethnic and national origins diversity of
its foreign-born and its reputation as an emerging cosmopolitan city.
'!he registered voters in Miami Beach are comprised of two major ethnic
groups, Jews and Hispanics, a small number of blacks, and small numbers of
several other ethnic groups. According to an analysis of the registered voters
as of February 1991, 53.2% are Jewish, 27.9% are Hispanic, 2.6% are black, and
18.1% are "Others" (defined as non-Jewish, non-Hispanic, non-black). A small
number of voters are counted as both Hispanic and Jewish, or both Hispanic and
1
black, so that the total is 101.8% when these four groups are treated
separately. A very small number of voters probably are both Jewish and black,
but the number was too small to analyze separately. The 18.1% of Others also
consists of a significant number of ethnic groups, e.g., Irish-Americans and
Italian-Americans. Only a small percentage of the city is canprised of
nonethnic white Protestants. While the term Anglo is used frequently by the
media and informally to refer to all voters who are not black or Hispanic,
this report also separates out Jewish voters, so that "Others" includes all
voters who are not black, Hispanic, or Jewish. "Other" is used instead of
Anglo because of the inaccuracy of the term Anglo.
The overlapping of Hispanics and Jews, and of Hispanics and blacks,
suggest that the city can not be analyzed accurately by utilizing only the
four "ethnic" groups. But, these overlappings are only suggestive of the
diversity within the four groups. Within each of the four major groups, there
is much diversity. Most of the Jewish voters are Ashkenazic, but there is also
a vibrant Sephardic canmuni ty. '!he Ashkenazim are mostly non-Hispanic, but
with some Hispanics, and the Sephardim are about equally divided between
Hispanics and non-Hispanics, so that four groups exist with clearly different
political identities (see Lavender, November 1991, for Sephardic details).
'!here also are Israeli Jews, and recent Russian Jewish refugees referred to as
Refuseniks. Among Hispanics, there is tremendous diversity according to area
of origin. Cuban-Americans are the largest Hispanic group on Miami Beach, but
there are also significant numbers of voters fran Puerto Rican and Colanbia,
and smaller numbers from other countries. There are also almost two thousand
United States-born Hispanics, not counted as Hispanics by the electoral board
(which defines as Hispanic only those people born in Spanish-speaking
countries), but analyzed as Hispanic in this report (see Lavender, February
2
1991, for the methodology). Blacks are also diverse, including, among others,
Southern United States blacks, Northern United States blacks, Hispanic blacks,
and Caribbean blacks. Among the "Others" are English-surnamed whites (the only
group accurately referred to as "Anglos"), but also IriSh-Americans, Italian-
Americans, Asian-Americans, and small numbers of numerous other ethnic or
nationality groups.
The purpose of this report is to (1) show the diversity of birthplaces of
the registered voters, (2) show the number of registered voters of different
ethnic groups and subgroups, and (3) present the political affiliations of the
different ethnic groups and subgroups. '!he numbers given are obtained where
available fran the official Board of Elections figures. Numbers enclosed in
parentheses () are estimates obtained by using the Distinctive Jewish Names
(DJN) Technique as refined by this author, the Distinctive Hispanic Names
(DHN) Technique developed by this author, and a list of Sephardic names
developed by this author (see Lavender, February 1991, for a discussion of the
refined DJN and the DHN techniques; see Lavender, November 1991 for a
discussion of Sephardic names). Numbers enclosed in brackets [] are sanple
sizes obtained by using distinctive names, but where estimates of the total
sizes of the groups are not possible.
'!he diversity of birthplaces are shown in summary form in Table la.
Tables Ib through If show the details for the summary figures. The number of
registered voters of different ethnic groups and subgroups, and their
political affiliations, are shown in Table 2. Note that the subgroups are not
necessarily mutually exclusive.
3
Table la. Birthplaces of Miami Beach I s 37,018 Voters, 1991
United States (50 states and DC)
U.S. areas (Puerto Rico, Guam, VI, CZ)
TOTAL U. S. AND AREAS
Number
21,147
1,130
22,277
Percent of Total
57.1
3.1
60.2
TOTAL OOTSIDE OF U.S. AND AREAS
14,741
39.8
Spanish areas (except Puerto Rico)
Puerto Rico
TOTAL SPANISH I~LUDING PUERTO RICO
7,448
1,007
8,455
20.1
2.7
22.8
Spanish-speaking Caribbean
Non-Spanish-speaking Car ibbean
TOTAL CARIBBEAN
6,970
222
7,192
18.8
0.6
19.4
Canada
191
0.5
TOTAL AMERICAS INCLUDING CARIBBEAN
29,991
81.0
Western and Southern Europe 1,183 3.2
Eastern Europe 4,666 12.6
Balkan areas 342 0.9
Middle East 251 0.7
Other Areas and Unspecified Areas 582 1.6
TOTAL OOTSIDE AMERICAS AND CARIBBEAN 7,027 19.0
4
Table lb. Number of Voters Born in Each of the Fifty States, February 1991
Alabama 112 Montana II
Alaska 5 Nebraska 38
Ar izona 31 Nevada 7
Arkansas 31 New Hanpshire 47
California 263 New Jersey 1,259
Colorado 49 New Mexico 13
Connecticut 301 New York 9,398
Delaware 37 North Carolina 140
District of Columbia 160 North Dakota 15
Florida 2,501 Ohio 584
Georgia 242 Oklahoma 46
Hawaii 12 Oregon 19
Idaho 7 Pennsylvania 1,691
Illinois 909 Rhode Island 103
Indiana 162 South Carolina 91
Iowa 69 South Dakota 17
Kansas 40 Tennessee 119
Kentucky 101 Texas 171
Louisiana 84 Utah 9
Maine 53 Vennont 23
Maryland 271 Virginia 187
Massachusetts 814 Washington 59
Michigan 339 West Virginia 95
Minnesota 101 Wisconsin 111
Mississippi 40 Wyoming 9
Missouri 151 TOTAL UNITED STATES 21,147
5
Table lc. Number of Voters Born in United States Areas, February 1991
Canal Zone
86
2
Puerto Rico
1,007
Guam
Virgin Islands
35
TOTAL U.S. AREAS
1,130
U.S. & U.S. AREAS
22,277
Table Id. Number of Voters Born in Spanish-Speaking Areas, February 1991
Chile 66 Mexico 44
Colanbia 370 Spain 110
Cuba 5,842 Venzuela 51
Dominican Republic 121 Other Spanish areas 785
Hondur as 59 TOTAL THESE AREAS 7,448
PLUS PUERTO RICO* 8,455
*People born in these areas, including Puerto Rico, and only these, are
classified as Latin or Hispanic by the Board of Elections.
6
Table Ie. Number of Voters Born in the Americas and the Caribbean
Canada
United States
191
21,147
Bahamas 15
Haiti 78
Jamaica 66
Virgin Islands 35
Other West Indies 28
TOTAL NON-SPANISH CARIBBEAN 222
Cuba 5,842
Dominican Republic 121
Puerto Rico 1,007
TOTAL SPANISH CARIBBEAN 6,970
TOTAL CARIBBEAN 7,192
Canal Zone
Mexico
Honduras
Colanbia
Venzuela
Chile
Other Latin America
TOTAL IATIN AMERICA (except CZ)
TOTAL IATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN
TOTAL AMERICANS AND CARIBBEAN
7
86
44
59
370
51
66
785
1,375
8,345
29,991
Table If. Number of Voters Born in Foreign Countries
Other than Americas and Caribbean
Uni ted Kingdan 242 Yugoslavia 35
Ireland 36 Rumania 247
Spain 110 Greece 60
France 65 TOTAL BALKAN AREAS 342
Italy 157
Switzerland 14 Turkey 79
Belgium 19 Syria 14
Holland 12 Lebanon 17
Sweden 11 Israel 118
Germany 517 Egypt 23
TOTAL WESTERN TOTAL MIDDLE EAST 251
& SOOTHERN EUROPE 1,183
Japan 11
Austria 391 Philippines 49
Czechoslovakia 290 Guam 2
Hungary 476
Poland 1,821 Unspecified areas 521
Lithuania 113
Latvia 25 TOTAL FOREIGN-BORN
Estonia 4 OUTSIDE AMERICAS 7,025
Russia 1,546
TOTAL EASTERN EUROPE 4,666
8
Table 2. Ethnic and Regional Subgroups by Political Affiliation
Total Percent Percent Percent
Number Democrats Independents Republicans
TOTAL JEWS (19,687) 82.0 6.0 12.0
Ashkenazic Jews (19,171) 82.9 5.9 11.2
*Sephardic Jews (516) 46.5 10.1 43.4
Cuban Jews (680) 43.2 11.8 45.0
Non-Cuban Jews (19,007) 83.4 5.8 10.8
Israeli-born (117) 58.1 20.5 21.4
Russian Refuseniks (27) 85.2 0 14.8
TOTAL HISPANICS (10,334) 30.8 9.5 59.7
Cuban-born 5,842 21.6 8.9 69.6
Puerto Rican-born 1,007 53.3 10.5 35.2
Colanbian-born 370 46.2 9.2 44.6
Dominican Republic-born 121 49.6 1.6 48.8
Other foreign-born 1,1l5 35.2 11. 7 53.0
U.S.-born Hispanics (1,879) 42.4 10.2 47.5
TOTAL BIACKS 947 74.2 8.5 17.2
Cuban-born 53 28.3 9.4 62.3
Non-cuban Hispanics 68 58.8 5.9 35.3
All Hispanics 121 45.5 7.4 47.1
Haitians 68 76.4 7.5 16.2
Jamacians 45 64.4 17.8 17.8
Virgin Islands 29 62.1 13.8 24.1
All Caribbean-born (except Cuba) 170 69.4 11.8 18.8
Southern U.S.-born 353 84.7 5.7 9.6
Northern U.S.-born 178 78.1 9.6 12.4
9
Table 2 continued. Ethnic and Regional Subgroups by Political Affiliation
Total
Number
TOTAL "OTHERS" (6,850)
Irish-surnamed [183]
Italian-surnamed [113]
BritiSh-surnamed
(Florida-born "Anglos") [90]
British-surnamed
(Southern U.S.-born "Anglos") [97]
British-surnamed
(Northern U.S.-born "Anglos") [374]
British-surnamed
(Other U.S.-born "Anglos") [173]
Caribbean-born
(non-Hispanic non-black) [154]
Asian-American (Japanese,
Chinese, Filipino, etc.) [77]
Percent Percent Percent
Democrats Independents Republicans
48.8
19.7
31.5
61.2
61.1
15.3
23.5
10.6
28.3
71.1
4.4
24.4
67.0
12.4
20.6
70.6
9.1
20.3
57.8
13.9
28.3
53.2
3.9
42.9
36.3
20.8
42.9
*A separate report analyzes Sephardim; work is continuing on expanding the
sample size, and final figures are expected to vary slightly.
REPORTS IN THIS SERIES:
"Sephardic Political Identity in Miami Beach: An Ingathering of Exiles in
Historical Context." NOvember, 1991.
"Diversity Within Ethnic Groups: Hispanic Jews, Colanbians, Caribbean Blacks,
and Other Ethnic Subgroups Among Miami Beach Voters." September, 1991.
"Ethnic Political Identi ty: Changing Political Affiliation of Blacks,
Hispanics, Jews, and Others in Miami Beach." June, 1991.
"Political Inplications of Demographic Changes in Miami Beach fran 1980 to
1990: A Look at Blacks, Hispanics, Jews, and Others." April, 1991.
"The Distinctive Hispanic Names (DHN) Technique: A Method for Selecting a
Sanple or Estimating Population Size." February, 1991. Also forthcoming in
Names: A Quarterly Journal.
10